• Latest ammonia market trends and emerging opportunities in the marine, power and hard-to-abate sectors
• Green and blue ammonia supply development
• Key market drivers (FuelEU Maritime, EU ETS etc.)

This presentation introduces a novel process design for ammonia decomposition, termed reversed plasma catalysis, in which the thermocatalytic reactor is located upstream the plasma reactor, in contrast to conventional designs of standalone thermocatalysis, standalone plasma, and plasma catalysis where the catalytic part is located downstream or within the plasma reactor itself.

By lab and simulation experiments, we demonstrate that reversed plasma catalysis requires two times and even three times less catalyst material than the conventional plasma catalysis and thermocatalysis, respectively, for reaching the same ammonia conversion of 98%. Additionally, this process design also emphasizes the great benefits of smart heat integration between the plasma and catalytic reactors.

The growing demand for sustainable ammonia production has driven the exploration of innovative technologies to decarbonize nitrogen fixation. Plasma electrification, powered by renewable energy, offers a promising pathway for green ammonia synthesis by enabling effective nitrogen activation under mild conditions. This approach leverages non-thermal plasma to generate energetic electrons and highly reactive species, facilitating nitrogen activation without the need for high temperatures or pressures. Plasma2X Ltd has developed an innovative and promising plasma electrification technology that produces multiple N2-based products, including nitric acid, ammonia, and ammonium nitrate, directly from air and water at low temperatures and ambient pressure, eliminating the need for fossil fuels. With rapid start-up/shutdown capabilities, compatibility with intermittent renewable energy, and reduced capital costs, this emerging technology enables flexible, efficient, and decentralized nitrogen fixation, enhancing the flexibility and stability of the grid and paving the way for a sustainable future.

The presentation will cover retrofit of a +13,000 TEU container vessel with the integration of an ammonia fuel system including all related auxiliary systems. It will elaborate on the respective challenges and selected design philosophy.

Ammonia emissions from livestock housing represent not only an environmental challenge, it is also a missed opportunity for nutrient recovery. This research explores a circular approach to nitrogen management by capturing NH₃ from livestock ventilation air using an acidic air scrubber, where it reacts with nitric acid (HNO₃) to form ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃)—a valuable, marketable fertilizer.

To enhance sustainability, the study integrates an innovative method of on-site nitric acid production via a plasma reactor. Atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) and oxygen (O₂) are converted into nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), which are absorbed in water to form HNO₃, eliminating the need for industrial acid supply. The combined approach not only reduces nitrogen emissions but also creates a closed-loop system that recycles waste into agricultural input, promoting circularity and reducing dependency on external resources.

Jetty-less solutions are well known and can used for Ammonia export/import. We will review the various solutions and where these can be relevant to projects with large amount through put: focusing on SAFETY and then cost efficiency.

Ammonia and its sustainable production are increasingly becoming the focus of current research. The production of green ammonia—utilizing integrated solar thermal energy—is part of our research at the Institute of Future Fuels of the German Aerospace Center.

Klaas et al. have reviewed four mild-condition ammonia production methods and demonstrated that chemical looping is a promising alternative to the Haber-Bosch process, which requires high amounts of fossil energy¹. To date, there is a lack of systematic studies on ammonia looping synthesis. Therefore, we have initiated a systematic theoretical and experimental study on ammonia synthesis via redox cycling of binary metal oxides and nitrides, using H₂O as a hydrogen source. These activities will be accompanied by a process and techno-economic analysis to evaluate the feasibility of a pilot production line.

This concept has already been experimentally demonstrated by the Abanades group and others ^{2, 3}. Within this work, recent results from ab-initio calculations such as DFT are presented and evaluated alongside available data from literature. Valuable insights into reaction conditions, kinetics, and overall feasibility are provided and discussed.

This presentation will introduce the foundations of our innovative integrated membrane reactor for ammonia cracking, designed to produce hydrogen efficiently and sustainably. The reactor combines advanced catalytic cracking technology with selective hydrogen separation membranes, enabling high-purity hydrogen production from renewable ammonia with minimal energy input. This disruptive technology addresses key challenges in the hydrogen value chain, providing scalable, low-carbon solutions for diverse market applications. We will explore the suitability of this approach for onsite hydrogen production in industries where hydrogen is emerging as a critical decarbonization energy vector, such as heavy transport, chemical processes, and energy storage. Additionally, we will discuss its potential for decentralized hydrogen production at renewable ammonia import terminals, enabling cost-effective and localized hydrogen distribution. The presentation will also feature insights from specific projects, highlighting key performance indicators (KPIs) such as conversion efficiency, hydrogen purity, energy consumption, and cost-effectiveness. These case studies will demonstrate the technology’s capacity to bridge the gap between renewable ammonia and widespread hydrogen adoption, showcasing its role in achieving global decarbonization goals. By integrating innovative engineering and market-driven deployment strategies, this technology represents a pivotal step toward a sustainable hydrogen economy.

Ammisorb develops compact, solid-state ammonia separation systems designed specifically for decentralized green ammonia production. In this talk, we’ll present our sorption-based technology—Sorption Booster—that replaces energy-intensive condensers, enabling small-scale systems to become more efficient, modular, and cost-effective. We’ll share insights from our lab validation, early customer traction, and upcoming prototype testing with industrial partners.